Introduction History Legal Obligations Benefits Problems Wolf Case Study

 

LEGAL OBLIGATIONS FOR RE-INTRODUCTION

 

 

"Since 1979 there has been a clear obligation under international law for European States to reintroduce native species". (Rees, 2001) National laws in the UK are only just beginning to recognise these obligations which are stated in international law.

 

 

International Law for European States

 

Recommendation Number R (85) 15 (1985) of the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers to Member States on the reintroduction of species – lays down criteria for responsible reintroduction.

 

 Convention of Biological Diversity (1992) all parties should restore damaged ecosystems and they may look into restoring populations.

 

 The EU Habitat and Species Directive (1992) – indicates that governments within the EU must study the desirability of reintroducing species which have previously become extinct. There is no mention in the Directive of any specific obligations to reintroduce.

 

 The Council of the World Convention Union (IUCN) (1995) – approved the IUCN/SSC Guidelines for Re-Introduction.

 

 The Pan-European Biological and Landscape Diversity (1995) – adopted by the Council of Europe, which stresses the importance of joint efforts for reintroduction programmes across Europe.

 

UK Law

 

 The Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) – no specific regulations for the obligation of reintroductions, but does strictly control releases to the wild.

 

 The Countryside and Rights of Way Act (2000) – imposes a duty on the government of England and Wales to restore and enhance as far as reasonably possible, these priority species listed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan.

 

Future Recommendations

  

 UK laws must interpret national laws in the light of the international obligations undertaken by governments in order to at least investigate the possibility of reintroduction’s of native species.

 

 Agencies are responsible for implementation of reintroduction programmes should co-operate with the legislators who produce the legal frameworks.

 

 

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